001/*
002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
003 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
004 * distributed with this work for additional information
005 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
006 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
007 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
008 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
009 *
010 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
011 *
012 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
013 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
014 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
015 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
016 * limitations under the License.
017 */
018package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce;
019
020import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
021import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
022
023import java.io.IOException;
024import java.util.Iterator;
025import java.util.Map;
026import java.util.NavigableMap;
027import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
028import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
029import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
030import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseTestingUtility;
031import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
032import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
033import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
034import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
035import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
036import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
037import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
038import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
039import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
040import org.junit.AfterClass;
041import org.junit.BeforeClass;
042import org.junit.Test;
043import org.slf4j.Logger;
044
045/**
046 * A base class for a test Map/Reduce job over HBase tables. The map/reduce process we're testing on
047 * our tables is simple - take every row in the table, reverse the value of a particular cell, and
048 * write it back to the table. Implements common components between mapred and mapreduce
049 * implementations.
050 */
051public abstract class TestTableMapReduceBase {
052  protected static final HBaseTestingUtility UTIL = new HBaseTestingUtility();
053  protected static final TableName MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME = TableName.valueOf("mrtest");
054  protected static final TableName TABLE_FOR_NEGATIVE_TESTS = TableName.valueOf("testfailuretable");
055  protected static final byte[] INPUT_FAMILY = Bytes.toBytes("contents");
056  protected static final byte[] OUTPUT_FAMILY = Bytes.toBytes("text");
057
058  protected static final byte[][] columns = new byte[][] { INPUT_FAMILY, OUTPUT_FAMILY };
059
060  /**
061   * Retrieve my logger instance.
062   */
063  protected abstract Logger getLog();
064
065  /**
066   * Handles API-specifics for setting up and executing the job.
067   */
068  protected abstract void runTestOnTable(Table table) throws IOException;
069
070  @BeforeClass
071  public static void beforeClass() throws Exception {
072    UTIL.startMiniCluster();
073    Table table = UTIL.createMultiRegionTable(MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME,
074      new byte[][] { INPUT_FAMILY, OUTPUT_FAMILY });
075    UTIL.loadTable(table, INPUT_FAMILY, false);
076    UTIL.createTable(TABLE_FOR_NEGATIVE_TESTS, new byte[][] { INPUT_FAMILY, OUTPUT_FAMILY });
077  }
078
079  @AfterClass
080  public static void afterClass() throws Exception {
081    UTIL.deleteTable(TABLE_FOR_NEGATIVE_TESTS);
082    UTIL.shutdownMiniCluster();
083  }
084
085  /**
086   * Test a map/reduce against a multi-region table
087   */
088  @Test
089  public void testMultiRegionTable() throws IOException {
090    runTestOnTable(UTIL.getConnection().getTable(MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME));
091  }
092
093  @Test
094  public void testCombiner() throws IOException {
095    Configuration conf = new Configuration(UTIL.getConfiguration());
096    // force use of combiner for testing purposes
097    conf.setInt("mapreduce.map.combine.minspills", 1);
098    runTestOnTable(UTIL.getConnection().getTable(MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME));
099  }
100
101  /**
102   * Implements mapper logic for use across APIs.
103   */
104  protected static Put map(ImmutableBytesWritable key, Result value) throws IOException {
105    if (value.size() != 1) {
106      throw new IOException("There should only be one input column");
107    }
108    Map<byte[], NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>> cf = value.getMap();
109    if (!cf.containsKey(INPUT_FAMILY)) {
110      throw new IOException(
111        "Wrong input columns. Missing: '" + Bytes.toString(INPUT_FAMILY) + "'.");
112    }
113
114    // Get the original value and reverse it
115
116    String originalValue = Bytes.toString(value.getValue(INPUT_FAMILY, INPUT_FAMILY));
117    StringBuilder newValue = new StringBuilder(originalValue);
118    newValue.reverse();
119
120    // Now set the value to be collected
121
122    Put outval = new Put(key.get());
123    outval.addColumn(OUTPUT_FAMILY, null, Bytes.toBytes(newValue.toString()));
124    return outval;
125  }
126
127  protected void verify(TableName tableName) throws IOException {
128    Table table = UTIL.getConnection().getTable(tableName);
129    boolean verified = false;
130    long pause = UTIL.getConfiguration().getLong("hbase.client.pause", 5 * 1000);
131    int numRetries = UTIL.getConfiguration().getInt(HConstants.HBASE_CLIENT_RETRIES_NUMBER, 5);
132    for (int i = 0; i < numRetries; i++) {
133      try {
134        getLog().info("Verification attempt #" + i);
135        verifyAttempt(table);
136        verified = true;
137        break;
138      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
139        // If here, a cell was empty. Presume its because updates came in
140        // after the scanner had been opened. Wait a while and retry.
141        getLog().debug("Verification attempt failed: " + e.getMessage());
142      }
143      try {
144        Thread.sleep(pause);
145      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
146        // continue
147      }
148    }
149    assertTrue(verified);
150  }
151
152  /**
153   * Looks at every value of the mapreduce output and verifies that indeed the values have been
154   * reversed.
155   * @param table Table to scan.
156   * @throws NullPointerException if we failed to find a cell value
157   */
158  private void verifyAttempt(final Table table) throws IOException, NullPointerException {
159    Scan scan = new Scan();
160    TableInputFormat.addColumns(scan, columns);
161    ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
162    try {
163      Iterator<Result> itr = scanner.iterator();
164      assertTrue(itr.hasNext());
165      while (itr.hasNext()) {
166        Result r = itr.next();
167        if (getLog().isDebugEnabled()) {
168          if (r.size() > 2) {
169            throw new IOException("Too many results, expected 2 got " + r.size());
170          }
171        }
172        byte[] firstValue = null;
173        byte[] secondValue = null;
174        int count = 0;
175        for (Cell kv : r.listCells()) {
176          if (count == 0) {
177            firstValue = CellUtil.cloneValue(kv);
178          }
179          if (count == 1) {
180            secondValue = CellUtil.cloneValue(kv);
181          }
182          count++;
183          if (count == 2) {
184            break;
185          }
186        }
187
188        if (firstValue == null) {
189          throw new NullPointerException(Bytes.toString(r.getRow()) + ": first value is null");
190        }
191        String first = Bytes.toString(firstValue);
192
193        if (secondValue == null) {
194          throw new NullPointerException(Bytes.toString(r.getRow()) + ": second value is null");
195        }
196        byte[] secondReversed = new byte[secondValue.length];
197        for (int i = 0, j = secondValue.length - 1; j >= 0; j--, i++) {
198          secondReversed[i] = secondValue[j];
199        }
200        String second = Bytes.toString(secondReversed);
201
202        if (first.compareTo(second) != 0) {
203          if (getLog().isDebugEnabled()) {
204            getLog().debug(
205              "second key is not the reverse of first. row=" + Bytes.toStringBinary(r.getRow())
206                + ", first value=" + first + ", second value=" + second);
207          }
208          fail();
209        }
210      }
211    } finally {
212      scanner.close();
213    }
214  }
215}